Framework construction



Septznws. )HENMSULE'R 2,131,115 j FRAMEWORK CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. '7, 195:5

iPat/entcdSept. 27, 1938.`

buckled by the accumulated heat in burnishing.

UNITED STATES- Puri-:rrr orf-'ics l oisngsraucnon l E. Nm, ma 19s APP"`.7L

This invention relates to framework construction, and more particularly to a laminated structural framework for windows in store fronts, show cases, skylights, greenhouses. conservatories, studiosjglass doors and transoms, glass partitions,

and, in fact, any similar constructions employing plate glass requiring a supporting framework.

y It 'has been common practice, in constructions of this sort, and particularly in store front constructions, to make the glass supporting frameworks in laminated form. Within the past few years, there have come into rather extensive use frameworks of this type in which the outer shells xare made of stainless steels, since these steels take `and retain a high luster when once burnished. A

With certain burnishing methods employed, however, a considerable amount of heat is developed and.` since stainless steels have a relatively low heat conductivity, `thev `shells are in constant danger oi' being discolored and of becoming To overcome this dimculty. it has ubeen proposed to make the inner or core members of the construe# tions out of aluminum-or an alloy lhigh in aluminum, inasmuch as these metals have a high heat conductivity and relatively rapidly dissipate the heat developed in the burnishing process. How- 4,5 greater .expansion of the aluminum core caused by which is strong and durable is provided and therethe heat of burnishing produces buckling or warpfore no exceptional care need be exercised in the ing of the aluminum and, since aluminum is not handling thereof. a resilient metal, it will not return to its original The novel featuresthat I consider charactershape. but will remain warped. O'n the other istic'of my invention are .set forth with particm hand, if the l two laminations are made to nt 'larity in the appended claims. 'Ihe invention ito ever, a stainless steel covered aluminum construe? tion is subject to the serious disadvantage, among several, f of being so comparatively soft that it can easily be bent or dented during shipment and during installation unless considerable care 'is' It has also been proposed to form the laminated construction by simultaneously shaping both the stainless steel shell and the aluminum core member while vholding them in pressing the overlapping edges of the shell around over the core, and then burnishing the shell. 'The heat developed during burnishing, however, causes uneven expansion of the two laminated members, since aluminum has a much higher coefficient of expansion than stainless steel. Thus, if the two laminations ilt each other snugly when cool, the

stainless steel shell by reason of its relatively contacting relation,

self, however, 'together with additional obiects vide an improved laminated front and analogous constructions which will be l free from the disadvantages characteristic 'of prior art constructions. v

More specifically, it is an object of my invention to provide an improved laminated window framework of the type set forth which may be burnished according to standard and accepted burnishing methods and which will not suifer any deleterious effects thereby.

Another object of my invention is to provide, ll in a laminated window framework for storefront constructions having a stainless steel shell, an improved coreor backing member which-is particularly shell.

A further object of my invention is to 'provide an improved `laminated window frame construction winch is exceptionally strong and durable,4

which can be shipped and handled with only the `usual care observed by workers without danger of being deformed, which readily lends `itself' to facile and rapid quantity production, which is economical of manufacture, and which is highly. eiilcient in use.

lIn accordance with my' backing member or core of a resilient material having substantially the same coemcientof e'xpansion as the shell or vcasing member. Prefer-V ably, the backing member is formed of steel of suitable thickness and is covered with a layer of 'u non-corrosive metal. Since both the sliell and the backing member undergo a like amount of expansion upon being heated, there is no danger of either becoming warped or distorted. By suitably burnishing thelshell, the danger of discoloring or otherwise narring it as a result of the heat is eliminated, and consequently members having substantiallythe'same thermal conductivity mayf be employ At the same time, a construction and advantages thereof, will best be understood fromthe following description of several specinc framework for store g suitable to use with the stainless steel invention, I provide a 30 greater contraction.L` l'I'his not only further leaves embodiments thereof when taken in connection the relatively thin shell subject to easily being with the accompanying drawing -in which the 2 single ngure is a perspective view of a section of a framework constructed in accordance with my invention.

Referring more specifically to the drawing, there is shown an outer frame member of the type used in store front constructions, for example,

and comprising an outer shell or casing member i and an inner -core or backing member 2. The membersv i and 2 may be pressed or rolled tothe desired shape either simultaneously, with the marginal edges 3l and 4 of the casing member I folded over snugly around the marginal edges of the backing member 2, or they may be formed separately and the core 2 thereafter slid into the shell l, the former method being preferred, however. In any event, the .two members should bemade to ilt each other snugly.

The casing memberv i may be made of any suitable sheet material, such as copper, brass,

terials:

Carbon approximately 0.09 to 0.12 Manganese do 0.03 to 0.50 :Sulphur and phosphorus -..under 0.04

as I have found suchI steel' to be exceptionally strong and durable. The steel may becoated with such non-corrosive metals as cadmium or zinc, either by hot dipping, spraying or electrodeposition, as desired, although hot dipping is preferred as being fastest 'and most economical.

The-members i and 2 should have substantially the same coefficients of' expansion so vthat they will'respond substantially equally to the action of heat. it is possible to burnish the stainless steel casing member .without developing enough heat to .produce discoloration thereof, as by burnishing in a-'forced draft of cold air, in which case thespecific thermal conductivities of the materials used for the casing and backing mem' aislar j` l A bers would be entirely immaterial. rt 1s, however. essential that their c oeiiicients of expansion be as nearly the same as possible so that, even under extreme conditions, no separation or warping of the two members willtake place; This is further assured when the two members are madeof resilient materials. v V

From the foregoing description, it will be apparent'that-I'have provided a strong, durable construction embodying a stainless steel sheathed framework, and whileI have described several specific embodiments thereof, it will, no doubt, be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications thereof are possible. I desire, therefore, that my, invention shall not be limited except insofar as is necessitated by the prior art and by the spirit of the appended claims.

I claim`as my invention-z l. A laminated framework construction comprising a core of cadmium coated steel and-a shell of stainless steel over said core, said core and shell ,each having substantially the` same coefficient of expansion, and said shell being burnished. l 2. A laminated framework construction comprising acore of cadmium coated steel and a shell of stainless steel over said core, said core and .shell .each having substantially the4 same coemcient of expansion and each belngresilient, and said shell v,being burnished.

3. A laminated framework construction comprising a core of cadmiumcoated steel and a shell of stainlesssteel over said core,4 said core and shell each having substantially the same coelcient of expansion and said core including car-f bon approximately 0.09 to 0.12, manganese approximately 0.03 to 0.50, and sulphur and phosporuscombined less than 0.04.

4. The invention set forth in' claim 3 wherein. the stainless steel shell is burnished.

5. The invention set forth in claim 3 charac--v terized in that the core and shell are both shaped and nt each 'other snugly.

A. 'Ihe inventionset forth in claim 3 charactrized in that the core and shell are both shaped and fit each other snugly, and characterized further in that said shellis burnished.

HARRY E. NAISULER. 

